Tamper Resistant Electrical Receptacles
Published on September 13, 2007
What are tamper-resistant electrical receptacles and what is the
new requirement?
The 2008 National
Electrical Code®(NEC®) will require new and renovated dwellings to
have tamper-resistant (TR) receptacles. These receptacles have spring-loaded
shutters that close off the contact openings, or slots, of the receptacles.
When a plug is inserted into the receptacle, both springs are compressed and
the shutters then open, allowing for the metal prongs to make contact to create
an electrical circuit. Because both springs must be compressed at the same
time, the shutters do not open when a child attempts to insert an object into
only one contact opening, and there is no contact with electricity. Tamper-
resistant receptacles are an important next step to making the home a safer
place for children.
Why require tamper-resistant electrical receptacles?
Each year, approximately
2,400 children suffer severe shock and burns when they stick items into the
slots of electrical receptacles. It is estimated that there are six to 12 child
fatalities a year related to this.
If homeowners do not have children, are TR receptacles required?
Yes. Owners or tenants
of homes and apartments change frequently. In addition, exposure to electrical
shock and burn accidents are not limited to a child’s own home. Children visit
homes of relatives and friends who don't have children of their own. This
requirement ensures all new homes and apartments are safe for children, whether
the home is their own or they are there on a temporary basis.
Do TR receptacles require greater insertion strength than standard
receptacles?
TR receptacles require
comparable force to other receptacles. The insertion force may vary depending
on the newness of the device to the shape or style of the plug being inserted.
Are TR receptacles costly?
No. The projected cost
of a TR receptacle adds about $0.50 to the cost of an unprotected receptacle.
Based on current statistics, the average home has about 75 receptacles
resulting in an overall added cost of under $40. This amount may vary slightly
based on the type and style of TR receptacle used. This minimal increase in
cost buys a significant increase in electrical safety for children.
Shouldn’t people accept responsibility for their children and
teach their children not to stick items in receptacles?
Accidents involving
children and receptacles cannot be blamed entirely on poor parenting. They
involve people who look away for a moment, only to face undue tragedy and pain
as the result of a child's curiosity. The NEC’s mission is to
provide electrical safety in the home. TR receptacles are a simple and easy way
to protect children from serious injuries that continue to happen every year.
Why are TR receptacles preferred over products such as receptacles
with caps or with sliding receptacle covers?
Receptacle caps may be
lost and also may be a choking hazard for some ages. Children can learn to
defeat sliding receptacle covers when they watch their parents. TR receptacles
provide security against the insertion of objects other than cord plugs into
the energized parts.
What is the NEC?
The NEC is
the National Electrical Code. The NEC’s mission is
to provide practical safeguards from the hazards that arise from using
electricity. It is the most widely adopted safety code in the United
Statesand the world, and it is the benchmark for safe electrical installations.
The NEC is an evolving document, developed through an open
consensus process. A new edition is issued every three years.
Updated 9/07
Article source: www.nfpa.org